Weather, the moon, fasting and food

اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَهَا، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهَا

O Allah, I ask You for its good and I seek refuge in You from its evil.

When the wind blows.

Sunan Abi Dawud; Sunan Ibn Mājah · Narrated by Abu Hurayrah

Said once.

اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَهَا، وَخَيْرَ مَا فِيهَا، وَخَيْرَ مَا أُرْسِلَتْ بِهِ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهَا، وَشَرِّ مَا فِيهَا، وَشَرِّ مَا أُرْسِلَتْ بِهِ

O Allah, I ask You for its good, the good in it and the good it was sent with; and I seek refuge in You from its evil, the evil in it and the evil it was sent with.

When the wind blows.

Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim · Narrated by ʿAʾıshah

Said once.

سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي يُسَبِّحُ الرَّعْدُ بِحَمْدِهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ مِنْ خِيفَتِهِ

Glory be to Him whom the thunder glorifies with His praise, and the angels out of fear of Him.

When thunder is heard.

Muwaṭṭaʾ Mālik · Reported from ʿAbdullah ibn al-Zubayr

Said once.

اللَّهُمَّ اسْقِنَا غَيْثًا مُغِيثًا مَرِيئًا مَرِيعًا نَافِعًا غَيْرَ ضَارٍّ، عَاجِلًا غَيْرَ آجِلٍ

O Allah, give us rain: relieving, wholesome, fertile, beneficial and not harmful, soon and not delayed.

Asking for rain.

Sunan Abi Dawud · Narrated by Jābir ibn ʿAbdillah

Said once.

اللَّهُمَّ أَغِثْنَا، اللَّهُمَّ أَغِثْنَا، اللَّهُمَّ أَغِثْنَا

O Allah, give us relief. O Allah, give us relief. O Allah, give us relief.

Asking for rain.

Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim · Narrated by Anas ibn Mālik

Said once.

اللَّهُمَّ اسْقِ عِبَادَكَ وَبَهَائِمَكَ، وَانْشُرْ رَحْمَتَكَ، وَأَحْيِ بَلَدَكَ الْمَيِّتَ

O Allah, give water to Your servants and Your animals, spread Your mercy and revive Your dead land.

Asking for rain.

Sunan Abi Dawud · Narrated by ʿAmr ibn Shuʿayb

Said once.

اللَّهُمَّ صَيِّبًا نَافِعًا

O Allah, make it a beneficial rain.

When it rains.

Sahih al-Bukhari · Narrated by ʿAʾıshah

Said once.

مُطِرْنَا بِفَضْلِ اللَّهِ وَرَحْمَتِهِ

We have been given rain by the bounty of Allah and His mercy.

After rain has fallen.

Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim · Narrated by Zayd ibn Khālid al-Juhanī

Said once.

اللَّهُمَّ حَوَالَيْنَا وَلَا عَلَيْنَا، اللَّهُمَّ عَلَى الْآكَامِ وَالظِّرَابِ، وَبُطُونِ الْأَوْدِيَةِ، وَمَنَابِتِ الشَّجَرِ

O Allah, around us and not upon us. O Allah, on the hills and the mountains, the valleys and the places where trees grow.

When rain becomes harmful.

Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim · Narrated by Anas ibn Mālik

Said once.

اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللَّهُمَّ أَهِلَّهُ عَلَيْنَا بِالْأَمْنِ وَالْإِيمَانِ، وَالسَّلَامَةِ وَالْإِسْلَامِ، وَالتَّوْفِيقِ لِمَا تُحِبُّ رَبَّنَا وَتَرْضَىٰ، رَبُّنَا وَرَبُّكَ اللَّهُ

Allah is the Greatest. O Allah, bring it over us with security and faith, safety and Islam, and with success in what You love and are pleased with, our Lord. Our Lord and your Lord is Allah.

Seeing the new moon.

Jamiʿ al-Tirmidhi; al-Dārimī · Narrated by Ṭalḥah ibn ʿUbaydillah

Said once.

ذَهَبَ الظَّمَأُ، وَابْتَلَّتِ الْعُرُوقُ، وَثَبَتَ الْأَجْرُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ

The thirst has gone, the veins are moist, and the reward is established, if Allah wills.

Breaking the fast.

Sunan Abi Dawud · Narrated by ʿAbdullah ibn ʿUmar

Said once.

اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِرَحْمَتِكَ الَّتِي وَسِعَتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ أَنْ تَغْفِرَ لِي

O Allah, I ask You by Your mercy which encompasses everything to forgive me.

Breaking the fast.

Sunan Ibn Mājah · Narrated by ʿAbdullah ibn ʿAmr

Said once.

إِنِّي صَائِمٌ، إِنِّي صَائِمٌ

I am fasting. I am fasting.

If someone insults or fights a fasting person.

Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim · Narrated by Abu Hurayrah

Said once.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ

In the name of Allah.

Before eating. If one forgets, say: bismillah awwalahu wa ākhirahū (in the name of Allah, at its beginning and its end).

Sunan Abi Dawud; Jamiʿ al-Tirmidhi · Narrated by ʿAʾıshah

Said once.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ أَوَّلَهُ وَآخِرَهُ

In the name of Allah, at its beginning and its end.

If one forgot to say bismillah at the start of the meal.

Sunan Abi Dawud; Jamiʿ al-Tirmidhi · Narrated by ʿAʾıshah

Said once.

اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِيهِ وَأَطْعِمْنَا خَيْرًا مِنْهُ

O Allah, bless us in it and feed us with better than it.

After being given food.

Jamiʿ al-Tirmidhi · Narrated by Ibn ʿAbbās

Said once.

اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِيهِ وَزِدْنَا مِنْهُ

O Allah, bless us in it and give us more of it.

After being given milk.

Jamiʿ al-Tirmidhi · Narrated by Ibn ʿAbbās

Said once.

الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَطْعَمَنِي هَٰذَا وَرَزَقَنِيهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ حَوْلٍ مِنِّي وَلَا قُوَّةٍ

All praise is for Allah who fed me this and provided it for me, with no might or power from me.

After eating.

Sunan Abi Dawud; Jamiʿ al-Tirmidhi; Sunan Ibn Mājah · Narrated by Muʿādh ibn Anas

Said once.

الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ حَمْدًا كَثِيرًا طَيِّبًا مُبَارَكًا فِيهِ، غَيْرَ مَكْفِيٍّ وَلَا مُوَدَّعٍ وَلَا مُسْتَغْنًى عَنْهُ رَبَّنَا

All praise is for Allah, abundant, good and blessed praise; a praise that is never enough, never abandoned and never done without, our Lord.

After eating.

Sahih al-Bukhari · Narrated by Abu Umamah

Said once.

اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَهُمْ فِيمَا رَزَقْتَهُمْ، وَاغْفِرْ لَهُمْ وَارْحَمْهُمْ

O Allah, bless them in what You have provided for them, forgive them and have mercy on them.

A guest's dua for the host.

Sahih Muslim · Narrated by ʿAbdullah ibn Busr

Said once.

اللَّهُمَّ أَطْعِمْ مَنْ أَطْعَمَنِي، وَأَسْقِ مَنْ سَقَانِي

O Allah, feed the one who fed me and give drink to the one who gave me drink.

For one who gave you food or drink.

Sahih Muslim · Narrated by al-Miqdād ibn al-Aswad

Said once.

أَفْطَرَ عِنْدَكُمُ الصَّائِمُونَ، وَأَكَلَ طَعَامَكُمُ الْأَبْرَارُ، وَصَلَّتْ عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ

May those who fast break their fast with you, may the righteous eat your food, and may the angels send prayers upon you.

When breaking the fast at someone's house.

Sunan Abi Dawud; Sunan Ibn Mājah · Narrated by Anas ibn Mālik

Said once.

اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِي ثَمَرِنَا، وَبَارِكْ لَنَا فِي مَدِينَتِنَا، وَبَارِكْ لَنَا فِي صَاعِنَا، وَبَارِكْ لَنَا فِي مُدِّنَا

O Allah, bless us in our fruit, bless us in our city, bless us in our sāʿ and bless us in our mudd.

On seeing the first fruit of the season.

Sahih Muslim · Narrated by Abu Hurayrah

Said once.

اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ عَفُوٌّ تُحِبُّ الْعَفْوَ فَاعْفُ عَنِّي

O Allah, You are Pardoning and You love to pardon, so pardon me.

In the last ten nights of Ramadan.

Jamiʿ al-Tirmidhi and Sunan Ibn Mājah · Narrated by ʿAʾıshah

Said once.